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Benzene and butane are two common organic compounds that have significant differences in molecular structure and chemical properties. Let's compare from the perspective of molecular structure. Benzene is an aromatic hydrocarbon with a cyclic structure consisting of six carbon atoms and six hydrogen atoms, and its molecular formula is C6H6. Butane is a straight chain alkane composed of four carbon atoms and ten hydrogen atoms, with a molecular formula of C4H10. It can be seen that there is a significant difference in the molecular structure between benzene and butane, one is a cyclic structure and the other is a straight chain structure. This different molecular structure determines their differences in physical and chemical properties. Next, let's take a look at their physical properties. Due to the presence of aromatic rings in the molecule of benzene, it has strong aromaticity and unsaturation, and can undergo addition reactions with many substances. Butane, on the other hand, is a saturated hydrocarbon with strong stability due to the presence of only single bonds between its carbon atoms, making it less prone to addition reactions. In addition, due to the presence of a large number of aromatic conjugated structures in benzene molecules, it has strong UV absorption and fluorescence properties. Butane, on the other hand, does not have these properties. Next, let's take a look at their chemical properties. Benzene is an aromatic hydrocarbon that can undergo substitution reactions with oxygen-containing or halogenated compounds such as chlorine, bromine, and nitro groups, generating corresponding phenyl compounds. Butane, on the other hand, is a saturated hydrocarbon that is less prone to substitution reactions with other substances due to the absence of aromatic conjugated structures in its molecules. Overall, there are significant differences in molecular structure, physical properties, and chemical properties between benzene and butane. These differences determine their different uses and roles in practical applications. By gaining a deeper understanding of the differences between benzene and butane, we can better utilize their characteristics and apply them better in production and practice. I hope the introduction in this article can help you better understand the difference between benzene and butane, and bring help to your work and study.