The manufacturing method of phosphoric acid: Introduction: Phosphoric acid is an important raw material for chemical production, widely used in fields such as food, medicine, agriculture, metallurgy, etc. Therefore, studying the manufacturing methods of phosphoric acid is of great significance for improving the yield and quality of phosphoric acid, reducing production costs, and promoting the development of related industries. This article will introduce several common methods for producing phosphoric acid and analyze their advantages and disadvantages
2、 The properties and uses of phosphoric acid
Phosphoric acid is an inorganic acid with strong acidity and oxidizing properties, which can be used to prepare various phosphates, phosphides, etc. In addition, phosphoric acid also has good thermal and chemical stability, and can be used for chemical reactions in high temperature and strong acidic environments. In industry, phosphoric acid is mainly used in the production of phosphate fertilizers, phosphates, phosphides, etc. It can also be used in metal surface treatment, food additives, pharmaceutical intermediates, and other fields
3、 The manufacturing method of phosphoric acid
1 Wet process phosphoric acid process
Wet process phosphoric acid process is the process of mixing phosphate ore, sulfuric acid, and water in a certain proportion, and reacting in a reactor to generate phosphoric acid and gypsum. This process has the advantages of easy availability of raw materials, mild reaction conditions, and high product purity, and is currently the most commonly used phosphoric acid manufacturing method at home and abroad. However, this method also has some drawbacks, such as difficulty in treating the gypsum generated by the reaction and severe equipment corrosion
2. Thermal phosphoric acid process
The thermal phosphoric acid process involves mixing phosphate ore, coke, and quartz sand, and then melting them in an electric arc furnace at high temperature to produce ferrophosphate and slag. Ferrophosphate then reacts with sulfuric acid to produce phosphoric acid. This method has the advantages of high raw material utilization, high product purity, and no gypsum generation, but it requires a large equipment investment and high energy consumption
3. Semi aqueous phosphoric acid process
Semi aqueous phosphoric acid process is the process of mixing phosphate ore, sulfuric acid, and water in a certain proportion, and reacting in a reactor to produce calcium dihydrogen phosphate and gypsum. Calcium dihydrogen phosphate then reacts with phosphoric acid to produce phosphoric acid. This method has the advantages of easy availability of raw materials, mild reaction conditions, and high product purity, but compared with the wet process phosphoric acid process, it generates less gypsum
4、 Comparison of Different Manufacturing Methods
The above three phosphoric acid manufacturing methods each have their own advantages and disadvantages, and their applicable ranges are also not the same. The wet process phosphoric acid process is suitable for treating low-grade phosphate ores, with high product purity, but severe equipment corrosion and difficulty in gypsum treatment; The thermal phosphoric acid process is suitable for processing high-grade phosphate ores, with high product purity, but with high equipment investment and energy consumption; The semi aqueous phosphoric acid process is suitable for processing medium grade phosphate ores, with higher product purity and less gypsum generation. Therefore, when choosing a method for producing phosphoric acid, comprehensive consideration should be given based on the actual situation
5、 Conclusion: Phosphoric acid, as an important raw material for chemical production, has broad application prospects. When choosing a method for manufacturing phosphoric acid, comprehensive consideration should be given to the actual situation, and a suitable process route should be selected to improve the yield and quality of phosphoric acid, reduce production costs, and promote the development of related industries.
