The manufacturing method of liquefied gas is a widely used chemical raw material, mainly composed of hydrocarbons. Its manufacturing method mainly involves the processing, purification, liquefaction and other steps of natural gas. This article will provide a detailed introduction to the manufacturing methods of liquefied gas
1、 The main raw material for liquefied gas is natural gas, so natural gas needs to be treated before manufacturing liquefied gas. The treatment of natural gas mainly includes steps such as desulfurization, dehydration, and hydrocarbon removal to ensure the quality and purity of natural gas
1. Desulfurization: Natural gas usually contains acidic gases such as hydrogen sulfide, which are highly corrosive to liquefaction equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to remove them before liquefaction. The commonly used desulfurization methods include dry desulfurization and wet desulfurization
2. Dehydration
Natural gas contains a certain amount of water, which will form ice crystals during the liquefaction process, affecting the normal operation of liquefaction equipment. Therefore, natural gas needs to be dehydrated before liquefaction. The commonly used dehydration methods include absorption and adsorption
3. Dehydrogenation
Natural gas also contains some heavy hydrocarbon compounds, which can affect liquefaction efficiency and product quality during the liquefaction process. Therefore, natural gas needs to be de hydrocarbon treated before liquefaction. The commonly used methods for hydrocarbon removal include condensation and absorption
2、 The liquefaction of natural gas
After processing, natural gas needs to be liquefied for storage and transportation. The liquefaction of natural gas mainly adopts cooling method, which cools it to a low temperature below -162 ℃ to convert it into liquid
1. Pre cooling: Before liquefaction, natural gas needs to be pre cooled to reduce its temperature to around -50 ℃. The purpose of pre cooling is to reduce energy consumption during the subsequent cooling process and improve liquefaction efficiency
2. Main cooling: After pre cooling treatment, natural gas enters the main cooler and exchanges heat with the refrigerant, reducing its temperature to below -162 ℃. The main cooler usually adopts a mixed refrigerant cycle or a cascade refrigeration cycle
3. Separation and Storage
The liquefied natural gas is separated by a separator for gas-liquid separation. The liquid liquefied gas enters the storage tank for storage, while the gaseous natural gas is discharged through a vent pipe
3、 Storage and transportation of liquefied gas
After the production of liquefied gas is completed, it needs to be stored and transported. Due to the low-temperature characteristics of liquefied gas, special storage tanks and transportation equipment are required for storage and transportation. The commonly used types of storage tanks include above ground storage tanks and underground storage tanks, while transportation equipment mainly uses specialized tank trucks or ships
In summary, the manufacturing method of liquefied gas involves multiple stages and processes, and it is necessary to strictly control the quality and safety of each stage to ensure the quality and reliability of the final product. Meanwhile, with the continuous improvement of environmental awareness and the transformation of energy structure, the manufacturing and use of liquefied gas also need to pay more attention to environmental protection and sustainability.
