The manufacturing method of additives in the field of raw materials for chemical production. Introduction: The role of additives in chemical production cannot be ignored. They can improve production processes, enhance product quality, endow products with special properties, and save resources and energy. This article will provide a detailed introduction to several common methods for manufacturing additives, including surfactants, catalysts, antioxidants, and flame retardants
2、 Surfactants
1 Sulfate ester method: using sulfuric acid and alcohols to react to generate sulfate esters, which are then neutralized with alkali to form sulfate ester salts. This method has a simple process and low cost, but it is difficult to treat the waste liquid
2. Sulfonation method: Sulfonates are generated by reacting sulfonating agents with petroleum hydrocarbons. This method is easy to obtain raw materials, but the reaction conditions are harsh and require high temperature and high pressure
3、 Catalyst
1 Precipitation method: The metal salt solution is reacted with a precipitant to form a precipitate, which is then dried and calcined to obtain a catalyst. This method is simple to operate, but the product granularity distribution is wide
2. Sol gel method: the metal salt solution is mixed with organic or inorganic compounds to form a sol, and the catalyst is obtained after gelling, drying and calcination. This method can prepare catalysts with high specific surface area and high activity
4、 Antioxidants
1 Phenolic antioxidants: Phenolic resins are formed by reacting phenol with aldehydes, and then undergo steps such as sulfonation and neutralization to obtain phenolic antioxidants. This method is easy to obtain raw materials, but the process is cumbersome
2. Amine antioxidants: By reacting amines with ketones or aldehydes, Schiff bases are generated, which are then reduced, refined, and other steps to obtain amine antioxidants. This method has mild reaction conditions, but requires high product purity
5、 Flame retardant
1 Phosphorus based flame retardants: Flame retardants are produced by reacting phosphoric acid with alcohols or amines to produce phosphate esters or phosphoramides, which are then refined to obtain flame retardants. This method is easy to obtain raw materials, but it is difficult to treat waste liquid
2. Nitrogen based flame retardants: Nitrogen phosphorus based flame retardants are generated by reacting melamine with anhydride or phosphoric acid. This method has excellent product performance but high cost
6、 Conclusion: There are various manufacturing methods for additives in the field of chemical raw materials, and appropriate manufacturing methods should be selected based on factors such as product performance requirements, raw material costs, and environmental protection requirements. Meanwhile, with the continuous progress and innovation of technology, new methods for manufacturing additives will continue to emerge, bringing more choices and possibilities for chemical production.
