Manufacturing Method of Tert-Butanol
Tert-Butanol (TBA) is an important raw material for the production of chemicals, which is widely used in solvents, plasticizers, pharmaceutical intermediates and other fields. This article will introduce the manufacturing method of tert-butanol in detail, including raw material selection, reaction principle, process flow, equipment selection and other aspects.
I. Raw material selection
There are two main raw materials for the manufacture of tert-butanol: isobutene and formaldehyde. Among them, isobutylene can be produced through petroleum cracking or natural gas, and formaldehyde can be produced through methanol oxidation and other methods. When choosing raw materials, factors such as their purity, cost, and source stability should be considered.
II. Reaction Principle
The manufacture of tert-butanol is mainly through the addition reaction between isobutene and formaldehyde under the action of acid catalyst to generate tert-butyl aldehyde, and then the aldehyde group is reduced to hydroxyl group through hydrogenation reaction to get tert-butanol. The specific chemical reaction equation is as follows:
Isobutylene + formaldehyde → tert-butyl aldehyde
Tert-butyl aldehyde + hydrogen → tert-butanol
Three, process flow
Tert-butanol manufacturing process mainly includes the following steps:
1. Raw material pretreatment: isobutylene and formaldehyde are purified, dried and other treatments to ensure the purity and quality of raw materials.
2. Addition reaction: Under the action of acid catalyst, isobutylene and formaldehyde are added into the reactor proportionally to carry out the addition reaction to generate tert-butyl aldehyde.
3. Separation and purification: The tert-butyl aldehyde produced by the reaction is separated from the unreacted raw material by distillation and extraction, and purified.
4. Hydrogenation reaction: The purified tert-butyl aldehyde is hydrogenated with hydrogen under the action of catalyst to produce tert-butanol.
5. Separation and purification of products: Separate the generated tert-butanol from unreacted hydrogen and catalyst by distillation and other methods to get tert-butanol products with high purity.
Four, equipment selection
In the manufacturing process of tert-butanol, the reactor, distillation tower, extraction tanks and other equipment needed, should be based on the requirements of the production process to select the appropriate type and specifications of equipment. At the same time, considering the safety of chemical production and environmental protection, it is also necessary to choose high-quality equipment that meets the relevant standards.
V. Production Precautions
1. Strictly control the quality and purity of raw materials in order to avoid adverse effects on the production process and product quality.
2. In the process of addition reaction and hydrogenation reaction, it is necessary to choose suitable catalyst and reaction conditions to improve the reaction efficiency and product purity.
3. In the production process, it is necessary to strengthen the maintenance and operation management of the equipment to ensure the normal operation of the equipment and the stability of the product quality.
4. The waste gas and waste water generated in the production process are handled in a timely manner to minimize the impact on the environment.
In conclusion, the manufacturing method of tert-butanol involves a number of links and factors, and requires comprehensive consideration of raw material selection, reaction principle, process flow, equipment selection and other aspects. At the same time, production management and environmental protection should be strengthened to ensure smooth production and stable improvement of product quality.
