Succinic acid, also known as succinic acid, is an important organic chemical raw material widely used in medicine, food, agriculture and other industrial fields. There are various manufacturing methods for succinic acid, including chemical synthesis method and biological fermentation method. This article will introduce these two manufacturing methods in detail.
I. Chemical synthesis method
1. Butadiene method: Butadiene method is through the reaction of butadiene with acetic acid and oxygen to generate dimethyl 1,4-succinic acid, and then hydrolyzed to get succinic acid. This method has milder reaction conditions and higher yields, but it requires the use of precious metal catalysts and is more costly.
2. maleic anhydride method: maleic anhydride method is through the reaction of maleic anhydride and water to generate maleic acid, and then get succinic acid through hydrogenation reaction. The method is easy to obtain raw materials, simple process, but the yield is low and requires a large amount of energy.
II. Biofermentation
Biofermentation is the use of microbial metabolism to produce succinic acid. Compared with the chemical synthesis method, the biofermentation method has the advantages of mild conditions, environmental protection, and sustainability, and has gradually become a hot spot for research.
1. Bacterial strain selection and breeding: Selection of suitable bacterial strains is the key to the biofermentation method. At present, the commonly used strains are lactic acid bacteria, Escherichia coli, yeast and so on. The yield and purity of succinic acid can be improved by improving the strains through genetic engineering means.
2. Optimization of fermentation conditions: Fermentation conditions such as temperature, pH, substrate concentration, etc. have a great influence on the yield of succinic acid. Optimization of fermentation conditions can improve the growth rate of the strain and the yield of succinic acid.
3. Separation and purification: After fermentation, it is necessary to separate and purify succinic acid from the fermentation broth. Commonly used methods include ion exchange method, extraction method, crystallization method and so on. Among them, the crystallization method is more commonly used, and can obtain higher purity of succinic acid.
In the actual production process, the appropriate manufacturing method can be selected according to the specific situation. Chemical synthesis method is suitable for large-scale production, but the cost is high; biological fermentation method is environmentally friendly and sustainable, but it needs time for strain selection and condition optimization. With the continuous development of biotechnology, the application of biofermentation method in the field of succinic acid manufacturing is more and more promising.
In conclusion, there are various manufacturing methods for succinic acid, including chemical synthesis and biofermentation. According to different production needs and conditions, the appropriate manufacturing method can be selected. In the future, with the continuous progress and innovation of technology, the manufacturing methods of succinic acid will be more efficient, environmentally friendly and sustainable.
