Manufacturing method of sec-butanol
Sec-butanol, also known as 2-butanol, is an important organic chemical raw material, which is widely used in pharmaceuticals, pesticides, plastics, coatings and other fields. With the continuous development of science and technology, the manufacturing method of sec-butanol has been improved and optimized. This article will introduce the manufacturing method of sec-butanol in detail.
I. Propylene carbonyl synthesis method
Propylene carbonyl synthesis method is the main method for the production of sec-butanol at present, and its reaction principle is to carbonylate propylene and carbon monoxide under the action of catalyst to generate butyraldehyde, and then the butyraldehyde is hydrogenated in the presence of hydrogen to generate sec-butanol. This method has the advantages of easy availability of raw materials, mild reaction conditions and high selectivity, so it is widely used in industrial production.
The specific steps are as follows:
1. Mix propylene, carbon monoxide and hydrogen in a certain proportion, preheat to a certain temperature and then enter the reactor.
2. In the reactor, under the action of catalyst, propylene and carbon monoxide undergo carbonylation reaction to form butyraldehyde.
3. The butyraldehyde undergoes hydrogenation in the presence of hydrogen to produce sec-butanol.
4. The reaction product is condensed and separated to obtain the high purity sec-butanol.
2. Acetaldehyde condensation
Acetaldehyde condensation is a traditional method for the production of sec-butanol, the reaction principle is to condense two molecules of acetaldehyde under the action of an acidic catalyst, generating but-2-enal, and then but-2-enal is hydrogenated in the presence of hydrogen to generate sec-butanol. This method is a cumbersome process and requires the use of a large number of acidic catalysts, so it is gradually replaced by the propylene carbonyl synthesis method.
The specific steps are as follows:
1. Mix acetaldehyde and acid catalyst, heat to a certain temperature and then carry out the condensation reaction to produce but-2-enal.
2. But-2-enal is mixed with hydrogen and a hydrogenation reaction is carried out to produce sec-butanol.
3. The reaction product is separated and refined to obtain sec-butanol with high purity.
3. Bio-fermentation method
Bio-fermentation method is a new type of method to produce sec-butanol, which is based on the principle of utilizing microbial fermentation to produce sec-butanol. This method has the advantages of environmental protection and energy saving, but it is still in the research stage and has not yet realized industrialized production.
The specific steps are as follows:
1. Nutrients such as glucose, yeast paste and other nutrients are mixed with microbial strains for fermentation culture.
2. Microorganisms convert glucose into sec-butanol during the fermentation process.
3. The sec-butanol with higher purity is obtained through the processes of separation and purification.
4. Summarize
There are various manufacturing methods of sec-butanol, among which propylene carbonyl synthesis is the main production method at present, which has the advantages of easy availability of raw materials, mild reaction conditions and high selectivity. With the continuous progress of science and technology, new production methods such as bio-fermentation method are also being researched and developed. When choosing the production method, comprehensive consideration should be made according to the actual situation and the most suitable production method should be chosen.
