Manufacturing method of furfural
I. INTRODUCTION
Furfural is an important organic chemical raw material, which is widely used in the fields of synthetic plastics, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, spices and so on. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the manufacturing method of furfural to improve the production efficiency and quality of furfural. In this paper, we will introduce the manufacturing method of furfural, including the steps of raw material preparation, reaction process and post-treatment, and analyze the main factors affecting the yield and quality of furfural.
II, raw material preparation
The raw materials for manufacturing furfural are mainly corn cobs, rice husks, cottonseed husks and other agricultural by-products waste, which are rich in cellulose and hemicellulose. In order to improve the yield of furfural, the raw materials need to be pre-treated, including crushing, drying, sieving and other steps, so that the particle size and moisture content of the raw materials meet the reaction requirements.
Three, the reaction process
The manufacturing process of furfural mainly includes two steps of acidolysis and hydrolysis. The specific reaction process is as follows:
1. Acidolysis: mix the pretreated raw material with dilute sulfuric acid and heat it to a certain temperature, so that the cellulose and hemicellulose in the raw material undergoes acidolysis reaction to produce furfural and other by-products.
2. Hydrolysis: Dilute the acid-decomposed mixture with water and heat it to a certain temperature to separate furfural from other by-products and get crude furfural.
4. Post-treatment
Crude furfural contains a large number of impurities, such as acids, alcohols, aldehydes, etc., which need to be post-treated in order to obtain furfural with higher purity. The methods of post-treatment include distillation, extraction, crystallization and so on, among which distillation is the most commonly used method. Through distillation, the impurities in crude furfural can be separated out and the furfural with higher purity can be obtained.
V. Analysis of influencing factors
1. Type and quality of raw materials: the content of cellulose and hemicellulose in different types of raw materials is different, so it will have an effect on the yield of furfural. Meanwhile, the quality of raw materials will also affect the quality of furfural.
2. Acid digestion temperature and time: Acid digestion temperature and time will affect the rate and degree of acid digestion reaction, thus affecting the yield and quality of furfural.
3. Hydrolysis temperature and time: Hydrolysis temperature and time will affect the rate and degree of hydrolysis reaction, thus affecting the purity of furfural.
4. Post-treatment methods: different post-treatment methods will affect the purity and yield of furfural.
VI. Optimization measures
In order to improve the yield and quality of furfural, the following optimization measures can be taken:
1. Select raw materials with high cellulose and hemicellulose content and carry out sufficient pretreatment.
2. Control the acidolysis temperature and time to avoid excessive acidolysis leading to increased by-products.
3. Control the hydrolysis temperature and time to improve the purity of furfural.
4. Select suitable post-treatment method to improve the purity and yield of furfural.
VII.CONCLUSION
Furfural is an important organic chemical raw material, and the study of its manufacturing method is of great significance to improve the production efficiency and quality. In this paper, the manufacturing method of furfural is introduced, including the steps of raw material preparation, reaction process, and post-treatment, and the main factors affecting the yield and quality of furfural are analyzed. By taking optimization measures, the yield and quality of furfural can be further improved to provide more high-quality raw materials for chemical production.
