ABS Plastic Manufacturing Methods
ABS plastic is a synthetic material widely used in the field of chemical production, and is widely used in various fields such as home appliances, automobiles, and construction because of its excellent physical properties and processing properties. This article will introduce the manufacturing method of ABS plastic.
I. Composition and Properties of ABS Plastic
ABS plastic is a terpolymer, mainly made of three monomers copolymerized with acrylonitrile (A), butadiene (B) and styrene (S). Among them, acrylonitrile provides chemical resistance and hardness, butadiene provides toughness and low-temperature impact resistance, and styrene provides processing fluidity and gloss. Therefore, ABS plastic has excellent physical properties and processing properties, can withstand high impact and pressure, as well as good heat resistance, weather resistance and electrical insulation.
Second, the manufacturing method of ABS plastic
The manufacturing method of ABS plastic mainly includes several methods such as emulsion polymerization method, suspension polymerization method and solution polymerization method. The following will introduce the manufacturing process of emulsion polymerization method.
1. Formulation of monomers
First, the three monomers, acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene, are formulated into mixed monomers in a certain ratio.
2. Preparation of emulsifier
In order to make the monomer form a stable emulsion in water, it is necessary to add an appropriate amount of emulsifier. Commonly used emulsifiers are sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and so on.
3. Polymerization reaction
The prepared mixed monomer and emulsifier are added to the reactor, the initiator (such as ammonium persulfate) is passed in, and the polymerization reaction is carried out under appropriate temperature and stirring speed. During the reaction, the monomer is gradually converted into a polymer, and a stable emulsion is formed at the same time.
4. Dehydration and drying
The emulsion obtained from the reaction is dehydrated and dried to obtain ABS resin particles.
3. Precautions for the manufacture of ABS plastic
1. Control the reaction temperature and time
The polymerization reaction is exothermic, and it is necessary to control the reaction temperature and time to prevent the molecular weight of the polymer from being too large or too small, which affects the quality of the product.
2. Control the dosage and type of emulsifier
The dosage and type of emulsifier have an important influence on the stability of emulsion, and need to be selected and controlled according to the actual situation.
3. Pay attention to prevent the product from caking and deformation during dehydration and drying
In the process of dehydration and drying, it is necessary to pay attention to controlling the temperature and air volume to prevent the product from caking and deformation, which will affect the product quality.
Fourth, summary
There are several manufacturing methods for ABS plastic, such as emulsion polymerization, suspension polymerization and solution polymerization, among which emulsion polymerization is one of the commonly used methods. In the manufacturing process, it is necessary to control the reaction temperature and time, the amount and type of emulsifier and other factors to ensure product quality. At the same time, attention needs to be paid to prevent the product from caking and deformation during the dehydration and drying process.
