Manufacturing method of decane
I. Introduction
Decane is a common raw material for the production of chemicals, which is widely used in the fields of fuels, solvents, lubricants and so on. In this paper, we will introduce the manufacturing method of decane, including raw material selection, reaction principle, process flow, equipment selection and other aspects.
II, raw material selection
The raw materials for the manufacture of decane are mainly hydrocarbon compounds such as paraffin and heavy oil. Among them, paraffin is the most commonly used raw material, because its carbon atom number distribution is narrower, easy to control the reaction process. Heavy oil can also be used as raw material, but its carbon atom number distribution is wider, need to be further separated and processed.
Three, reaction principle
The manufacture of decane is mainly realized by cracking reaction. Cracking reaction refers to the process of cracking large molecule hydrocarbon compounds into small molecule hydrocarbon compounds under the action of high temperature and catalyst. In the manufacture of decane, two common types of cracking are thermal cracking and catalytic cracking.
1. Thermal Cracking
Thermal cracking is the process of cracking hydrocarbon compounds into small molecules at high temperatures and without a catalyst. In the manufacture of decane, thermal cracking usually uses high-temperature steam as a heat source to heat raw materials such as paraffin to 450-550°C, and then cracks them into small molecules of hydrocarbon compounds under the effect of instantaneous stretching. The products of thermal cracking are mainly olefins and alkanes, which need to be further separated and processed to obtain decane.
2. Catalytic Cracking
Catalytic cracking is the process of cracking hydrocarbon compounds into small molecules in the presence of a catalyst. In the manufacture of decane, catalytic cracking usually employs an acidic catalyst, such as zeolite molecular sieve, to heat raw materials such as paraffin to 350-450°C, and then crack them into small molecules of hydrocarbon compounds under the action of the catalyst. The products of catalytic cracking are mainly light oils such as gasoline and diesel, as well as small amounts of olefins and alkanes. By adjusting the type of catalyst and reaction conditions, the distribution and properties of the products can be controlled to obtain decane products that meet the requirements.
4. Process flow
The manufacturing process of decane mainly includes the steps of raw material pretreatment, cracking reaction, product separation and refining. The specific process is as follows:
1. Raw material pretreatment: Dehydrate and desulfurize the raw materials such as paraffin to ensure the smooth progress of the reaction process. Cracking reaction: The pretreated feedstock is fed into the cracking reactor for thermal or catalytic cracking reaction.
3. Separation of products: The products of the cracking reaction are separated to give decane and other by-products.
4. Refining: Decane is further refined, such as desulfurization, denitrogenation, dehydration, etc., to ensure the quality of the product.
V. Equipment selection
In the manufacturing process of decane, the equipment to be used includes raw material pretreatment equipment, cracking reactor, product separation equipment and refining equipment. When selecting the equipment, it is necessary to make comprehensive consideration according to the production scale of the product, the nature of the raw material, the reaction conditions and the process flow, and select the equipment that meets the requirements.
VI.Conclusion
The manufacturing method of decane mainly includes raw material selection, reaction principle, process flow and equipment selection and other aspects. In the actual production, it is necessary to make comprehensive consideration according to the factors such as the production scale of the product and the nature of the raw material, and select the suitable manufacturing method and equipment to ensure the quality and production efficiency of the product.
