Manufacturing method of n-butyl acetate
N-butyl acetate is an important organic chemical raw material, widely used in coatings, inks, spices, pharmaceuticals and other fields. This article will introduce the manufacturing method of n-butyl acetate, including the reaction principle, process flow, equipment selection, operation points, safety and environmental protection.
I. Reaction principle
The manufacture of n-butyl acetate is realized through the esterification reaction of acetic acid and n-butanol. The esterification reaction is an acid-base catalyzed reversible reaction, which requires the use of catalysts to promote the reaction. Commonly used catalysts are acid catalysts such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid and basic catalysts. During the reaction, acetic acid and n-butanol generate n-butyl acetate and water under the action of catalyst.
2. Process flow
The manufacturing process of n-butyl acetate mainly includes the following steps:
1. Ingredients: Acetic acid and n-butanol are added to the reaction kettle according to a certain molar ratio, and the catalyst is added at the same time.
2. Reaction: heating and stirring in the reaction kettle, so that acetic acid and n-butanol are esterified under the action of catalyst to produce n-butyl acetate and water.
3. Separation: After the reaction, the reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, and the unreacted raw materials and catalyst were separated to obtain crude n-butyl acetate.
4. Refining: distill the crude n-butyl acetate, remove impurities and water, and get pure n-butyl acetate.
3. Equipment selection
In the manufacturing process of n-butyl acetate, the following equipment is needed:
1. reactor: used for dosing and reaction, equipment with heating, stirring and cooling functions should be selected.
2. Separation equipment: used for separating out unreacted raw materials and catalyst, equipment such as centrifuges or filters can be selected.
3. Distillation equipment: used for refining crude n-butyl acetate, equipment with distillation, condensation and reflux function should be selected.
4. Operation points
In the manufacturing process of n-butyl acetate, the following operation points need to be noted:
1. Control the reaction temperature and time to ensure that the reaction is fully carried out.
2. Control the amount and type of catalyst to improve the reaction efficiency and product purity.
3. In the process of separation and refining, parameters such as temperature and pressure should be controlled to avoid product loss and quality degradation.
V. Safety and environmental protection
In the manufacturing process of n-butyl acetate, the following safety and environmental protection issues need to be paid attention to:
1. Strengthen the management of raw materials and catalysts to avoid leakage and pollution of the environment.
2. Strengthen the inspection and maintenance of reaction equipment and pipeline to prevent leakage and accidents.
3. Control and treat the waste gas and waste water generated, and discharge them after meeting the environmental protection requirements.
All in all, the manufacture of n-butyl acetate needs to master the knowledge of reaction principle, process flow, equipment selection, operation points and safety and environmental protection, etc., in order to ensure the smooth progress of production and the stable improvement of product quality.
