Manufacturing method of phenylacetonitrile
Phenylacetonitrile is an important organic chemical raw material, which is widely used in the fields of medicine, pesticide, dyestuff and so on. This article will introduce the manufacturing method of phenylacetonitrile, including reaction principle, process flow, equipment selection, operation points, safety and environmental protection.
I. Reaction principle
The manufacturing method of phenylacetonitrile mainly adopts nucleophilic addition reaction between acetophenone and sodium cyanide to generate phenylacetonitrile. The reaction needs to be carried out under certain temperature and alkaline conditions. The specific reaction equation is as follows:
II. Process flow
The manufacturing process of phenylacetonitrile mainly includes the following steps:
1. Feeding: add acetophenone and sodium cyanide into the reaction kettle according to a certain proportion.
2. Stirring: Turn on the stirrer to mix the reactants fully.
3. Warming up: Heat up the reaction kettle and control a certain reaction temperature.
4. Reaction: Keep a certain reaction time to make acetophenone and sodium cyanide fully react.
5. Cooling: After the reaction, cool the reactor to room temperature.
6. Filtration: Filter out the salt by-products of the reaction.
7. Distillation: Distill the filtrate to obtain phenylacetonitrile product.
Three, equipment selection
The manufacture of benzeneacetonitrile requires the selection of suitable reaction equipment and auxiliary equipment to ensure the production efficiency and product quality. Specific equipment selection is as follows:
1. Reactor: choose the stainless steel reactor, which is corrosion-resistant, high temperature-resistant, pressure-resistant and so on, and can ensure the safety and stability of the reaction.
2. Stirrer: use high efficient and corrosion resistant stirrer, which can ensure the full mixing of reactants.
3. Heater: Choose high-efficiency and reliable heater, which can ensure the control precision and stability of reaction temperature.
4. Filter: use stainless steel filter to ensure the filtration effect and product purity.
5. Distillation tower: use efficient distillation tower to ensure the quality and yield of the product.
4. Operation points
The manufacture of phenylacetonitrile needs to master the following operation points:
1. Control the feeding ratio: according to the reaction equation, strictly control the feeding ratio of acetophenone and sodium cyanide, in order to ensure that the reaction proceeds and the purity of the product.
2. Control the reaction temperature: when heating the reactor, control a certain reaction temperature to avoid the effect of too high or too low temperature on the reaction.
3. Control the reaction time: keep a certain reaction time to make the reactants fully reacted, and at the same time, avoid the generation of by-products caused by too long reaction.
4. Timely cooling and filtration: After the reaction is finished, the reactor should be cooled and the by-products should be filtered out in time to avoid the influence on the products.
5. Strictly control the distillation conditions: control a certain distillation temperature and pressure during distillation to ensure the quality and yield of the product.
5. Safety and environmental protection
Phenylacetonitrile needs to pay attention to safety and environmental protection in the manufacturing process, and take the following measures:
1. Strengthen equipment maintenance and overhaul to ensure normal operation of the equipment to avoid the impact of equipment failures on the production and safety hazards.
2. Strictly control the reaction conditions and operation process to avoid the reaction generating harmful by-products and the emission of pollutants such as waste gas and waste water.
3. Control and treat the waste gas, waste water and other pollutants generated to meet the environmental requirements before discharge.
4. Strengthen the staff safety training and environmental protection awareness education, improve the staff's safety awareness and environmental protection awareness, to ensure the safety and environmental protection of production.
In short, the manufacture of phenylacetonitrile requires certain knowledge of reaction principle, process flow, equipment selection, operation points and safety and environmental protection, etc., in order to ensure the efficiency of production and the quality of products, as well as to ensure the safety and environmental protection of production.
