Manufacturing method of sodium hypochlorite
I. Introduction
Sodium hypochlorite is an important inorganic chemical, widely used in water treatment, bleaching, disinfection and other fields. This paper will introduce the manufacturing method of sodium hypochlorite, including raw material selection, reaction principle, production process and equipment.
II. Selection of raw materials
The manufacture of sodium hypochlorite mainly uses sodium chloride and alkaline absorbent as raw materials. Among them, sodium chloride is a common chemical raw material with wide source and low price. Alkaline absorbent can choose sodium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide and so on.
III. Reaction Principle
Sodium hypochlorite is manufactured by reacting the chlorine gas produced by electrolysis of sodium chloride solution with alkaline absorbent. The specific reaction equation is as follows:
Electrolysis of sodium chloride solution produces chlorine and sodium hydroxide: NaCl + H2O → NaOH + Cl2↑
Chlorine reacts with alkaline absorbent to produce sodium hypochlorite: Cl2 + 2NaOH → NaCl + NaClO + H2O
Fourth, the production process
The production process of sodium hypochlorite mainly consists of the following steps:
1. Ingredients: sodium chloride and appropriate water are added to sodium hypochlorite. Sodium chloride and appropriate amount of water into the dosing tank, mix well. Electrolysis: pump the sodium chloride solution in the dosing tank into the electrolyzer and pass it into direct current for electrolysis to produce chlorine gas and sodium hydroxide.
3. Absorption: The chlorine gas produced by electrolysis is passed into an alkaline absorbent to react to form sodium hypochlorite.
4. Crystallization: The reacted sodium hypochlorite solution is crystallized to obtain sodium hypochlorite solid.
5. Drying: Dry the solid sodium hypochlorite to get the final product of sodium hypochlorite.
5. Equipment selection
The production of sodium hypochlorite requires the use of electrolysis tanks, dosing tanks, crystallization tanks, dryers and other equipment. Among them, the electrolyzer is the key equipment, which needs to choose the suitable model and specification according to the production scale and production process.
Sixth, operation precautions
In the production process of sodium hypochlorite, the following operation matters need to be noted:
1. Strictly control the temperature and current of the electrolyzer to avoid excessive heat and hydrogen, which will affect the product quality and production safety.
2. Clean the electrolyzer and dosing tank regularly to avoid the influence of accumulated scale and impurities on production.
3. Pay attention to the selection and proportion of alkaline absorbent to ensure the reaction efficiency and product quality.
4. Strengthen the ventilation and protective measures at the production site to avoid the hazards of chlorine gas and alkaline absorbent to the operators.
VII.CONCLUSION
The manufacturing method of sodium hypochlorite mainly includes the selection of raw materials, reaction principle, production process and equipment selection and other aspects. In the actual production process, it is necessary to strictly control the operating conditions and equipment operating conditions to ensure product quality and production safety. At the same time, it is also necessary to strengthen the environmental protection and protective measures at the production site to reduce the hazards to the environment and operators.
