Manufacturing method of n-butanol (industrial grade)
I. INTRODUCTION
n-butanol is an important organic chemical raw material, which is widely used in solvents, plasticizers, pharmaceuticals, coatings and other fields. In the production of n-butanol of industrial grade, the commonly used manufacturing methods include fermentation method, acetaldehyde method, ethylene method and so on. This article will introduce the principle, process and application of these manufacturing methods in detail.
II. Fermentation method
1. Principle: Fermentation method is to convert carbon sources such as starch and sugar into n-butanol through the action of microorganisms.
2. Process: Starch or sugar substances are liquefied and saccharified to produce monosaccharides such as glucose, and then access to strains of bacteria for fermentation to produce n-butanol.
3. Application: The production of n-butanol by fermentation has the advantages of easy availability of raw materials and low cost, but the growth conditions of microorganisms need to be controlled during the fermentation process to ensure the yield and quality of n-butanol.
3. Acetaldehyde method
1. Principle: Acetaldehyde method is to produce n-butanol by hydrogenation reaction with acetaldehyde as raw material.
2. Process: Acetaldehyde and hydrogen are hydrogenated under the action of catalyst to produce n-butanol.
3. Application: The production of n-butanol by the acetaldehyde method has the advantages of mild reaction conditions and high yield, but it requires the use of precious metal catalysts and has a high cost.
4. Ethylene method
1. Principle: Ethylene method is to generate ethanol through the hydration reaction of ethylene, and then generate n-butanol through the dehydrogenation reaction.
2. Process: ethylene and water under the action of catalyst, hydration reaction to generate ethanol, and then ethanol after dehydrogenation reaction to generate n-butanol.
3. Application: The production of n-butanol by ethylene method has the advantages of easy availability of raw materials and mild reaction conditions, but it needs to go through a two-step reaction and the process is long.
V. CONCLUSION
Three manufacturing methods of industrial grade n-butanol have been introduced above, including fermentation method, acetaldehyde method and ethylene method. Each method has its advantages and disadvantages and scope of application, and the specific choice of which method needs to be considered according to the source of raw materials, production costs, product quality and other factors. In the actual production process, it is also necessary to optimize the process flow and equipment selection according to the specific situation, in order to improve production efficiency and reduce energy consumption.
VI.OUTLOOK
With the continuous progress of science and technology and the improvement of environmental protection requirements, the manufacturing method of industrial grade n-butanol will be continuously improved and optimized. In the future, researchers can explore new catalysts, reaction conditions and processes to improve the yield and quality of n-butanol, reduce production costs and minimize environmental pollution. Meanwhile, the automation and intelligent control in the production process can be strengthened to improve the production efficiency and product stability. In addition, research on the application fields of n-butanol can be carried out to expand its application scope and provide more support for social and economic development.
In conclusion, the manufacturing method of industrial-grade n-butanol is a process of continuous development and optimization, which requires researchers to continuously explore and innovate in order to meet the needs of social and economic development and environmental protection requirements.
