The manufacturing method of catechol, also known as 1,2-benzenediol or catechol, is an important organic chemical raw material widely used in fields such as medicine, pesticides, dyes, antioxidants, etc. This article will introduce the manufacturing methods of catechol, including chemical synthesis and biological methods
1、 Chemical synthesis method
1 The phenol method is the main production method of catechol, which uses phenol as the raw material and undergoes steps such as alkali melting, acidification, and crystallization to obtain catechol. The specific steps are as follows:
(1) Mix phenol and sodium hydroxide in a certain proportion, heat and melt to produce sodium phenolate
(2) Sodium phenolate is acidified with dilute sulfuric acid to produce catechol and sodium sulfate
(3) Cool and crystallize the reaction solution, filter and dry to obtain the finished product of catechol
2. Sulfonation method
Sulfonation method is a process that uses benzene as the raw material and undergoes steps such as sulfonation, alkali melting, and acidification to produce catechol. The specific steps are as follows:
(1) Mix benzene with concentrated sulfuric acid, heat sulfonation, and generate benzenesulfonic acid
(2) Benzenesulfonic acid reacts with sodium hydroxide to produce sodium benzenesulfonate
(3) Sodium benzenesulfonate undergoes alkaline melting at high temperatures to generate sodium hydroquinone and by-products
(4) Sodium hydroquinone is acidified with dilute sulfuric acid to obtain hydroquinone
2、 Biological method is a method that utilizes microorganisms or enzymes to catalyze the generation of catechol from phenol or its derivatives. Compared with chemical synthesis methods, biological methods have advantages such as mild conditions, high selectivity, and environmental friendliness
1. Microbial method
Microbial method is a method of producing catechol through fermentation engineering using microorganisms that can degrade phenol or its derivatives. Commonly used microorganisms include Pseudomonas, Alkali producing Bacillus, and Streptococcus. These microorganisms can generate catechol through metabolic pathways using phenol or its derivatives as the sole carbon source and energy source
2. Enzyme method
Enzyme method is a method of using specific enzymes to catalyze the generation of catechol from phenol or its derivatives. Commonly used enzymes include phenol oxidase, catechol oxidase, etc. These enzymes can catalyze the oxidation of phenol or its derivatives to produce catechol and hydrogen ions
The above are the manufacturing methods of catechol, including chemical synthesis and biological methods. Different methods have their own advantages, disadvantages, and applicability. Choose the appropriate method based on the actual situation.
